Azaleas & rhododendrons may need winter protection, depending
on types selected. The University of Minnesota's "Northern Lights" series
are extremely hardy for central Illinois.
When planting any azalea/rhododendron, choose a protected location from
winter sun and winter wind. Most plants prefer a shady location
Plants should not be fertilized or pruned after July 1. New growth may
not have a sufficient amount of time to become woody and harden off for
the winter.
Young plants can be enclosed with chicken wire or dog fencing and packed
loosely with oak leaves. Remove the protection in the spring as buds start
expanding.
Mature plants can be mulched with several inches of wood chips at the
base. Evergreen boughs can be leaned or tied against plants to limit winter
injury.
An anti-desicant can be used to help prevent winter drying. Read and
follow all directions to the letter. Most are a "waxy" substance that can
break down quickly during winter's thaws necessitating reapplication.
AZALEA--FLORIST PLANT CARE
Florist azaleas are NOT hardy in central Illinois and should not be planted
outdoors for survival. However, they can be cared for as a regular blooming
houseplant.
Make sure the soil doesn't dry out and the plant doesn't wilt. Many
azalea soil mixes are composed of a high percentage of peat moss which
dries quickly, especially when the plant is in full bloom. It may be necessary
to water daily. Submerging the pot and allowing the peat-like soil to absorb
water, and then draining in the sink may be beneficial.
Once the petals have fallen, keep the plant in a cool, sunny location.
Plants may be set outdoors in partial shade for the summer. Fertilize monthly
with an acid fertilizer. Keep the soil moist, but not soggy. Keep the plant
outdoors as long as possible in the fall, but bring indoors before a heavy
frost.
In order for the plants to re-bloom, it is necessary to go through a
cool, dormant period. Temperatures between 40 - 50 degrees F. are ideal.
Warmer temperatures will probably limit flower bud formation. Plants should
receive full sun during this period. Continue to water but limit fertilizers.
When flower buds start forming in January or February, move the plant to
a warmer location and increase humidity.
AZALEA & RHODODENDRON--PLANTING
Azaleas/rhododendrons are usually planted in the spring. Fall planting
may not allow enough time for roots to establish and plants to develop
winter hardiness.
Locate plants in a shaded location on the north, east or northwest side
of a building. Choose a location protected from winter sun and winter winds.
One of the main causes of azalea/rhododendron death is too much moisture,
caused by improper planting.
Work the soil bed thoroughly. Add peat moss and compost to increase
the soil's tilth and drainage. The peat moss will also make the soil more
acidic, necessary for good growth. A pH around 5.5 is generally preferred.
Instead of planting the azalea/rhododendron at ground level, set the
plant slightly higher, keeping one-third (1/3) to one-fourth (1/4) of the
plant above ground. Mound the soil around the plant, sloping it gently
away. This prevents the plant from sitting in too much water.
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